Page 87 - Grammar Class 08

G If the reporting verb is in–
1. the simple present changes into
is / are / am changes into was / were
the simple past.
was / were — had been
2. the present continuous changes
has / have — had, do — did
into the past continuous.
will / shall — would / should,
3. the present perfect changes into can / may — could / might
the past perfect. had and had been — no change

Read the following examples:
1. Direct : Namit said, “I am tired.”

Indirect : Namit said that he was tired.
2. Direct : He said, “I am looking for my toys.”

Indirect : He said that he was looking for his toys.
3. Direct : He said, “I have lived in Dubai for a long time.”

Indirect : He said that he had lived in Dubai for a long time.

G The simple past changes into past perfect. There is no change in other past forms.
Read the following example:

Direct : Sahil said, “I visited London last year.”
Indirect : Sahil said that he had visited London the previous year.

G The simple future and future continuous change into the conditional form with

‘would’ used instead of will and shall .
Read the following example:
Direct : The peon said, “I will open the window.”

Indirect : The peon said that he would open the window.

G The modals usually do not change their form.
would / should / could / ought to / used to / might

but
may / can changes into might / could

must changes into had to
Read the following examples:

1. Direct : Surbhi said, “Yashika might be right.”
Indirect : Surbhi said that Yashika might be right.

2. Direct : The teacher said, “Sahil can do it.”
Indirect : The teacher said that Sahil could do it.

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Grammar
Grammar-8-8