Page 16 - Computer Class 08

Nature of Networking

8 Permanent Network : Most of the companies use permanent network to share and
transfer information. In this type of network, cables are used to link computers together.
The computers and cables in a permanent network stay connected at all times.
8 Temporary Network : Temporary network is a network connection that is established for

a short period of time and then disconnected.
Protocols

As you all know that rules are very important and required for the smooth functioning of
every institution. Similarly, in a computer system we have protocols which are nothing but the
rules and regulations in the context of a computer system. They can be implemented by
hardware, software or a combination of both.

Smart Corner

What exactly is a protocol ?
8 Rules and conventions explaining how something must be done.
8 Used to describe how devices can communicate.
8 Protocol also defines the format of data i.e., to be exchanged.

8 HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol): It is a protocol used between a web server and a
web browser for transferring HTML pages.
8 TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) : It is known to provide reliable

and error-free communication between end systems. It performs sequencing and
segmentation of data. It also has acknowledgment feature and controls the flow of the
data through flow control mechanism. It is a very effective protocol but has a lot of
overhead due to such features.
Increased overhead leads to increased cost.

8 Two computers are said to be interconnected if they interchange information.
8 A fault in the network can cause user to lose the data.

8 To join a network a computer must have a NIC.
8 Both hub and switch have multiple parts that facilitate connecting devices in a network

together.
8 Gateway is a device used to connect two dissimilar network.

8 Computers in a WAN are spread over a large geographical area.

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